OWC Blog – 2.9.22
Thunderbolt™ 3 and Thunderbolt™ 4 can deliver up to 100W of power to compatible devices. When you connect a Thunderbolt device that supports Power Delivery to a laptop like the MacBook Pro, the battery in the host computer can be charged directly through the Thunderbolt cable, therefore removing the need to plug in a separate power adapter.
Source: Thunderbolt Devices with Power Delivery Keep You Charged